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Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
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Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
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Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
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Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
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Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
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Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
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Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
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Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
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Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
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Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
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Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
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DataSource::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/datasource.php, line 278
DboMysqlBase::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/dbo/dbo_mysql.php, line 120
Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
Model::__constructLinkedModel() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 667
Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
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Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142

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DataSource::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/datasource.php, line 278
DboMysqlBase::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/dbo/dbo_mysql.php, line 120
Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
Model::__constructLinkedModel() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 667
Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
Model::__constructLinkedModel() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 667
Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142

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DataSource::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/datasource.php, line 278
DboMysqlBase::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/dbo/dbo_mysql.php, line 120
Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
Model::__constructLinkedModel() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 667
Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
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Model::__createLinks() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 638
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 491
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DataSource::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/datasource.php, line 278
DboMysqlBase::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/dbo/dbo_mysql.php, line 120
Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
Controller::loadModel() - CORE/cake/libs/controller/controller.php, line 634
Controller::constructClasses() - CORE/cake/libs/controller/controller.php, line 501
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/cake/dispatcher.php, line 186
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DataSource::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/datasource.php, line 278
DboMysqlBase::describe() - CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/dbo/dbo_mysql.php, line 120
Model::schema() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 938
Model::setSource() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 789
Model::__construct() - CORE/cake/libs/model/model.php, line 483
ClassRegistry::init() - CORE/cake/libs/class_registry.php, line 142
Controller::loadModel() - CORE/cake/libs/controller/controller.php, line 634
Controller::constructClasses() - CORE/cake/libs/controller/controller.php, line 501
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Sprache

Typ

Zugang

Format

Zeitlich

Geographisch

Nutzerkonto

Ralph W. Gerard: Some of the Problems Concerning Digital Notions in the Central Nervous System

Some of the Problems Concerning Digital Notions in the Central Nervous System
(S. 171 – 202)

p€ 12,95

Ralph W. Gerard

Some of the Problems Concerning Digital Notions in the Central Nervous System

PDF, 32 Seiten, 0.0 MB

Informationstheorie
Informatik
Epistemologie
Theoriebildung
Soziologie
Medienwissenschaft
Historische Dokumente
Mathematik
Kybernetik
Technikgeschichte
Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Wissensgeschichte
Computerwissenschaft
Regelung

Ralph W. Gerard

war ein US-amerikanischer Neurophysiologe. Er war mit der Kinderpsychiaterin Margaret Wilson verheiratet.

Weitere Texte von Ralph W. Gerard bei DIAPHANES

Central Excitation and Inhibition
In: Claus Pias (Hg.), Cybernetics

p€ 7,95

Claus Pias (Hg.)

Cybernetics
The Macy Conferences 1946–1953. The Complete Transactions

Mit einem Vorwort von Claus Pias

Between 1946 and 1953 ten conferences under the heading "Cybernetics. Circular, Causal, and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems" were held. Sponsored by Josiah Macy Jr., the so-called Macy Conferences mark perhaps the most important event in the history of science after WW II. Using new terms such as "information", "feedback", and "analogical/digital" as starting point, the participants tried to develop a universal theory of regulation and control, that would be applicable to living beings as well as to machines, to economic as well as to mental processes, and to sociological as well as to aesthetical phenomena. These concepts permeate thinking in such diverse fields as biology, neurology, sociology, language studies, computer science, and even psychoanalysis, ecology, politics, and economy. They marked the epoch-making changes from thermodynamics to cybernetics (Wiener), from the disciplinary to control society (Deleuze), and from the industrial to information society (Lyotard).

The Macy Conferences are of special historical/scientific value since they do not deal with completed texts yet, but rather with interdisciplinary negotiations about an emerging epistemology. This edition contains the complete transcription and protocols of all Macy Conference contributions.

Inhalt

9

Editorial Note

Claus Pias

pgratis
11–26

The Age of Cybernetics

Claus Pias

p€ 7,95
29–40

Introductory Discussion

p€ 7,95
41–65

The Psychological Moment in Perception

John Stroud

p€ 12,95
66–97

The Neurotic Potential and Human Adaptation

Lawrence S. Kubie

p€ 12,95
98–121

Quantum Mechanical Theory of Memory

Heinz von Foerster

p€ 12,95
122–159

Possible Mechanisms of Recall and Recognition. Discussion

p€ 12,95
160–162

Sensory Prosthesises

Norbert Wiener

pgratis
163–164

References (1949)
166

1950. Participants

pgratis
167–168

Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1950)

Frank Fremont-Smith

pgratis
169

Introductory Remarks

Warren S. McCulloch

pgratis
171–202

Some of the Problems Concerning Digital Notions in the Central Nervous System

Ralph W. Gerard

p€ 12,95
203–247

The Manner in Which and Extent to Which Speech Can Be Distorted and Remain Intelligible

J.C.R. Licklider

p€ 12,95
248–272

The Redundancy of English

Claude E. Shannon

p€ 12,95
273–290

Experience in Learning Primitive Languages Through the Use of Learning High Level Linguistic Abstractions

Margaret Mead

p€ 7,95
291–302

On the Development of Word Meanings

Heinz Werner

p€ 7,95
303–306

The Development of Language in Early Childhood

John Stroud

pgratis
307–325

The Relationship of Symbolic Function in Language Formation and in Neurosis

Lawrence S. Kubie

p€ 7,95
326–334

Appendix I: Body Symbolization and Development of Language

Lawrence S. Kubie

p€ 4,95
335

Appendix II: References (1950)
338

1951. Participants

pgratis
339–340

Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1951)

Frank Fremont-Smith

pgratis
341–348

A Note by the Editors (1951)

Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, ...

p€ 4,95
349–381

Communication Patterns in Problem-Solving Groups

Alex Bavelas

p€ 12,95
382–415

Communication Between Men. The Meaning of Language

Ivor A. Richards

p€ 12,95
416–445

Communication Between Sane and Insane. Hypnosis

Lawrence S. Kubie

p€ 12,95
446–473

Communication Between Animals

Herbert G. Birch

p€ 12,95
474–479

Presentation of a Maze-Solving Machine

Claude E. Shannon

p€ 4,95
480–509

In Search of Basic Symbols

Donald M. MacKay

p€ 12,95
511–523

Appendix I: The Nomenclature of Information Theory. (incl. Explanatory Glossary & Alphabetical Index of Terms)

Donald M. MacKay

p€ 7,95
525–528

Appendix II: References (1951)
530

1952. Participants

pgratis
531–532

Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1952)

Frank Fremont-Smith

pgratis
533–540

A Note by the Editors (1952)

Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, ...

p€ 4,95
541–574

The Position of Humor in Human Communication

Gregory Bateson

p€ 12,95
575–592

The Place of Emotions in the Feedback Concept

Lawrence S. Kubie

p€ 7,95
593–619

Homeostasis

W. Ross Ashby

p€ 12,95
620–628

Discrimination and Learning in Octopus

J.Z. Young

p€ 4,95
629–633

Reduction of the Number of Possible Boolean Functions

John R. Bowman

p€ 4,95
634–650

Central Excitation and Inhibition

Ralph W. Gerard

p€ 7,95
651–653

Mechanical Chess Player

W. Ross Ashby

pgratis
654–656

Turbulence as Random Stimulation of Sense Organs

G. Evelyn Hutchinson

pgratis
657–665

Investigations on Synaptic Transmission

Walter Pitts

p€ 4,95
666–676

Feedback Mechanism in Cellular Biology

Henry Quastler

p€ 7,95
677–679

Appendix I: References (1952)

pgratis
682

1953. Participants

pgratis
683

Foreword

Frank Fremont-Smith

pgratis
685–686

The Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1953)

Frank Fremont-Smith

pgratis
687–688

Introductory Remarks

Warren S. McCulloch

pgratis
689–696

Studies on Activity of the Brain

W. Grey-Walter

p€ 4,95
697–706

Semantic Information and its Measures

Yehoshua Bar-Hillel

p€ 4,95
707–718

Meaning in Language and How it is Acquired

Yuen Ren Chao

p€ 7,95
719–725

Appendix I: Summary of the Points of Agreement Reached in the Previous Nine Conferences on Cybernetics

Warren S. McCulloch

p€ 4,95
727–728

Appendix II: References (1953)
729–734

Index

Themen

Sprache

Typ

Zugang

Format

Kategorien

Zeitlich

Geographisch

Nutzerkonto

In: Claus Pias (Hg.), Cybernetics

9

Claus Pias

11–26

Claus Pias

29–40

41–65

John Stroud

66–97

Lawrence S. Kubie

98–121

Heinz von Foerster

122–159

160–162

Norbert Wiener

163–164

References (1949)

166

167–168

Frank Fremont-Smith

169

Warren S. McCulloch

171–202

Ralph W. Gerard

203–247

J.C.R. Licklider

248–272

Claude E. Shannon

273–290

Margaret Mead

291–302

Heinz Werner

303–306

John Stroud

307–325

Lawrence S. Kubie

326–334

Lawrence S. Kubie

335

Appendix II: References (1950)

338

339–340

Frank Fremont-Smith

341–348

Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, ...

349–381

Alex Bavelas

382–415

Ivor A. Richards

416–445

Lawrence S. Kubie

446–473

Herbert G. Birch

474–479

Claude E. Shannon

480–509

Donald M. MacKay

511–523

Donald M. MacKay

525–528

Appendix II: References (1951)

530

531–532

Frank Fremont-Smith

533–540

Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, ...

541–574

Gregory Bateson

575–592

Lawrence S. Kubie

593–619